{"id":"praeteritum-eiie-b07-05","title":{"uk":"Сильні дієслова в Präteritum — ei → ie: bleiben → blieb, schreiben → schrieb","ru":"Сильные глаголы в Präteritum — ei → ie: bleiben → blieb, schreiben → schrieb","en":"Strong verbs in the Präteritum — ei → ie: bleiben → blieb, schreiben → schrieb","pl":"Czasowniki mocne w Präteritum — ei → ie: bleiben → blieb, schreiben → schrieb","fr":"Les verbes forts au Präteritum — ei → ie : bleiben → blieb, schreiben → schrieb"},"ordinal":5,"content":[],"title_short":{"uk":"Сильні дієслова: ei → ie","ru":"Сильные глаголы: ei → ie","en":"Strong verbs: ei → ie","pl":"Czasowniki mocne: ei → ie","fr":"Verbes forts : ei → ie"},"title_de":"Starke Verben im Präteritum: ei → ie","cards":[{"role":"learn","heading_de":"Stammvokal ei → ie","heading":{"uk":"Коренева голосна ei → ie","ru":"Корневая гласная ei → ie","en":"Stem vowel ei → ie","pl":"Samogłoska rdzenna ei → ie","fr":"Voyelle du radical : ei → ie"},"blocks":[{"type":"rule","text":{"uk":"Головна особливість сильних дієслів: під час відмінювання (особливо в Präteritum) змінюється коренева голосна. У цій групі **ei** з інфінітива в Präteritum стає **ie**.","ru":"Главная особенность сильных глаголов: при спряжении (особенно в Präteritum) меняется корневая гласная. В этой группе **ei** из инфинитива в Präteritum превращается в **ie**.","en":"The key feature of strong verbs: when they are conjugated (especially in the Präteritum), their stem vowel changes. In this group, the **ei** of the infinitive becomes **ie** in the Präteritum.","pl":"Najważniejsza cecha czasowników mocnych: przy odmianie (zwłaszcza w Präteritum) zmienia się samogłoska rdzenna. W tej grupie **ei** z bezokolicznika zmienia się w Präteritum na **ie**.","fr":"Ce qui caractérise les verbes forts : quand on les conjugue (surtout au Präteritum), la voyelle du radical change. Dans ce groupe, le **ei** de l'infinitif devient **ie** au Präteritum."}},{"type":"contrast","a":{"tag":"Infinitiv","de":"bl{ei}ben","tr":{"uk":"залишатися","ru":"оставаться","en":"to stay","pl":"zostawać","fr":"rester"},"sound":"/tts/openai-marin/84fc7ef4bae308db2c6d502cfc27af62.mp3"},"b":{"tag":"Präteritum","de":"er bl{ie}b","tr":{"uk":"він залишився","ru":"он остался","en":"he stayed","pl":"został","fr":"il est resté"},"sound":"/tts/openai-marin/0653684c87888305029efd49f0b23802.mp3"},"note":{"uk":"Потім додаємо закінчення відповідно до займенника.","ru":"Затем добавляем окончание в зависимости от местоимения.","en":"Then add the ending that matches the pronoun.","pl":"Potem dodajemy końcówkę zgodnie z zaimkiem.","fr":"On ajoute ensuite la terminaison qui correspond au pronom."}}]},{"role":"learn","heading_de":"Infinitiv – Präteritum – Partizip II","heading":{"uk":"Дієслова з ei → ie","ru":"Глаголы с ei → ie","en":"Verbs with ei → ie","pl":"Czasowniki z ei → ie","fr":"Verbes en ei → ie"},"blocks":[{"type":"table","caption":null,"columns":["Infinitiv","Präteritum","Partizip II"],"column_tones":[null,null,null],"rows":[{"head":null,"cells":["bl{ei}ben","bl{ie}b","geblieben"],"tr":{"uk":"залишатися","ru":"оставаться","en":"to stay","pl":"zostawać","fr":"rester"},"sound":"/tts/openai-marin/58fbbaeeaeb423d72a1ff3fb73ca7a80.mp3"},{"head":null,"cells":["r{ei}ben","r{ie}b","gerieben"],"tr":{"uk":"терти","ru":"тереть","en":"to rub, to grate","pl":"trzeć","fr":"frotter, râper"},"sound":"/tts/openai-marin/216544c5ecd037415ef989bca0e6b1a9.mp3"},{"head":null,"cells":["sch{ei}nen","sch{ie}n","geschienen"],"tr":{"uk":"світити","ru":"светить","en":"to shine","pl":"świecić","fr":"briller"},"sound":"/tts/openai-marin/03120e1c01781c64058dff169173a7cb.mp3"},{"head":null,"cells":["schr{ei}ben","schr{ie}b","geschrieben"],"tr":{"uk":"писати","ru":"писать","en":"to 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avoid","pl":"unikać","fr":"éviter"},"sound":"/tts/openai-marin/143b86f657542436e824a7a0d7d600de.mp3"}]}]},{"role":"learn","heading_de":"Beispiele","heading":{"uk":"У реченнях","ru":"В предложениях","en":"In sentences","pl":"W zdaniach","fr":"En contexte"},"blocks":[{"type":"examples","items":[{"de":"Wir r{ie}ben alle Karotten.","tr":{"uk":"Ми натерли всю моркву.","ru":"Мы натёрли всю морковь.","en":"We grated all the carrots.","pl":"Zetarliśmy wszystkie marchewki.","fr":"Nous avons râpé toutes les carottes."},"image":"/images/wir-rieben-alle-karotten-93801e.webp","sound":"/tts/openai-marin/e46a8e27dde8047fbc1355cdf31b6334.mp3"},{"de":"Warum schw{ie}g das Paar?","tr":{"uk":"Чому пара мовчала?","ru":"Почему пара молчала?","en":"Why was the couple silent?","pl":"Dlaczego para milczała?","fr":"Pourquoi le couple se taisait-il ?"},"image":"/images/das-sind-studenten-ein-projekt-9cdf57.webp","sound":"/tts/openai-marin/43883d128721ce3ad563ffc202a6aa46.mp3"},{"de":"Meine Geschwister schr{ie}ben mir diese Briefe.","tr":{"uk":"Мої брати й сестри написали мені ці листи.","ru":"Мои братья и сёстры написали мне эти письма.","en":"My siblings wrote me these letters.","pl":"Moje rodzeństwo napisało do mnie te listy.","fr":"Mes frères et sœurs m’ont écrit ces lettres."},"image":"/images/ich-schreibe-dem-kunden-d113cd.webp","sound":"/tts/openai-marin/bcc7919bce44c5a2974f321b473bea2e.mp3"},{"de":"Wer l{ie}h dir die Küchenmaschine?","tr":{"uk":"Хто позичив тобі кухонний комбайн?","ru":"Кто одолжил тебе кухонный комбайн?","en":"Who lent you the food processor?","pl":"Kto pożyczył ci robot kuchenny?","fr":"Qui t’a prêté le robot de cuisine ?"},"image":"/images/wer-dir-die-kuechenmaschine-8dd71d.webp","sound":"/tts/openai-marin/2820a65218376118528ad4ba8c4474fe.mp3"},{"de":"M{ie}den Sie den Alkohol?","tr":{"uk":"Ви уникали алкоголю?","ru":"Вы избегали алкоголя?","en":"Did you avoid alcohol?","pl":"Czy unikał Pan / unikała Pani alkoholu?","fr":"Vous avez évité l’alcool ?"},"image":"/images/dein-getraenk-561b5d.webp","sound":"/tts/openai-marin/8e5ccbea8de1c1938e72183db3b23ae8.mp3"},{"de":"Die Temperaturen st{ie}gen im Sommer stark [an|px].","tr":{"uk":"Улітку температура сильно піднялася.","ru":"Летом температура сильно поднялась.","en":"In summer the temperatures rose sharply.","pl":"Latem temperatury mocno wzrosły.","fr":"En été, les températures ont fortement augmenté."},"image":"/images/koennten-wir-gutes-wetter-geniessen-abbb77.webp","sound":"/tts/openai-marin/b981ae977483619b35103c4b36fd2d02.mp3"}]},{"type":"examples","items":[{"de":"Warum schw{ie}g er?","tr":{"uk":"Чому він мовчав?","ru":"Почему он молчал?","en":"Why was he silent?","pl":"Dlaczego milczał?","fr":"Pourquoi se taisait-il ?"},"sound":"/tts/openai-marin/7c5aa58fcde04b4df15996654c79dffd.mp3"},{"de":"Warum schw{ie}gen Sie?","tr":{"uk":"Чому Ви мовчали?","ru":"Почему Вы молчали?","en":"Why were you silent?","pl":"Dlaczego Pan milczał / Pani milczała?","fr":"Pourquoi vous taisiez-vous ?"},"sound":"/tts/openai-marin/7df410f4da1b8283d6b9d8b6120f312b.mp3"},{"de":"Wer schr{ie}b den Artikel?","tr":{"uk":"Хто написав статтю?","ru":"Кто написал статью?","en":"Who wrote the article?","pl":"Kto napisał ten artykuł?","fr":"Qui a écrit l'article ?"},"sound":"/tts/openai-marin/4cbaebb6d2aa6a872aa9d3e2d399e67c.mp3"}]},{"type":"tip","tone":"tip","text":{"uk":"Не забувайте: у Präteritum дієслово потрібно відмінювати відповідно до займенника — ich/er schwieg, du schwieg{st}, wir/sie/Sie schwieg{en}, ihr schwieg{t}.","ru":"Не забывайте: в Präteritum глагол нужно спрягать в соответствии с местоимением — ich/er schwieg, du schwieg{st}, wir/sie/Sie schwieg{en}, ihr schwieg{t}.","en":"Remember: in the Präteritum the verb must be conjugated to match the pronoun — ich/er schwieg, du schwieg{st}, wir/sie/Sie schwieg{en}, ihr schwieg{t}.","pl":"Pamiętaj: w Präteritum czasownik trzeba odmieniać zgodnie z zaimkiem — ich/er schwieg, du schwieg{st}, wir/sie/Sie schwieg{en}, ihr schwieg{t}.","fr":"N'oubliez pas : au Präteritum, le verbe se conjugue selon le pronom — ich/er schwieg, du schwieg{st}, wir/sie/Sie schwieg{en}, ihr schwieg{t}."}}]},{"role":"check","heading_de":null,"heading":null,"blocks":[{"type":"check","prompt":"Wer ___ den Artikel? (schreiben)","instruction":{"uk":"Оберіть форму Präteritum","ru":"Выберите форму Präteritum","en":"Choose the Präteritum form","pl":"Wybierz formę Präteritum","fr":"Choisissez la forme au Präteritum"},"options":["schreibt","schrieb","schreibte"],"answer":1,"why":{"uk":"ei → ie: schreiben → schrieb. schreibt — теперішній час, а суфікса -te- сильні дієслова не мають.","ru":"ei → ie: schreiben → schrieb. schreibt — настоящее время, а суффикса -te- у сильных глаголов нет.","en":"ei → ie: schreiben → schrieb. schreibt is the present tense, and strong verbs take no -te-.","pl":"ei → ie: schreiben → schrieb. schreibt to czas teraźniejszy, a czasowniki mocne nie mają przyrostka -te-.","fr":"ei → ie : schreiben → schrieb. schreibt, c'est le présent, et les verbes forts ne prennent pas -te-."},"sound":"/tts/openai-marin/4cbaebb6d2aa6a872aa9d3e2d399e67c.mp3"}]},{"role":"check","heading_de":null,"heading":null,"blocks":[{"type":"check","prompt":"Warum ___ Sie? (schweigen)","instruction":{"uk":"Оберіть форму Präteritum","ru":"Выберите форму Präteritum","en":"Choose the Präteritum form","pl":"Wybierz formę Präteritum","fr":"Choisissez la forme au Präteritum"},"options":["schwieg","schwiegen","schweigen","schwiegt"],"answer":1,"why":{"uk":"Для Sie — основа schwieg + -en: Warum schwiegen Sie? schweigen — теперішній час, schwiegt — для ihr.","ru":"Для Sie — основа schwieg + -en: Warum schwiegen Sie? schweigen — настоящее время, schwiegt — для ihr.","en":"For Sie: the stem schwieg + -en: Warum schwiegen Sie? schweigen is the present tense, schwiegt goes with ihr.","pl":"Dla Sie — temat schwieg + -en: Warum schwiegen Sie? schweigen to czas teraźniejszy, schwiegt — dla ihr.","fr":"Pour Sie : le radical schwieg + -en : Warum schwiegen Sie? schweigen, c'est le présent, schwiegt va avec 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